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PIMs Database

Emergent Performance Mechanisms across the United States

Welcome to the PIMs Database, the place to find comprehensive information on emergent performance incentive mechanisms (PIMs) across the United States. (For background on what a PIM is and why RMI created this database, please visit the FAQ page.)

The database below is designed to be filterable by a number of factors, including State, Utility, active or inactive Status, Incentive Type, Incentive Structure, and Emergent Topic area. You can download the database in full or based on specific filter result parameters, and each download of the database is timestamped for easy reference as PIMs progress over time. The emergent topics tab provides a description for each topic, as well as links to additional information for some of the emergent topics in the database.

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Scroll right to see more table columns below
StateUtilityPIM NameStatusIncentive TypeIncentive StructurePeriod of PerformanceEmergent TopicApplicability
NC
Duke Energy CarolinasRenewables Integration and Encouragement PIM - Metric CActiveUpsideFixed amount2024 - 2026
  • RE
Electric
NC
Duke Energy CarolinasRenewables Integration and Encouragement PIM - Metric BActiveUpsideFixed amount2024 - 2026
  • RE
Electric
NC
Duke Energy CarolinasRenewables Integration and Encouragement PIM - Metric AActiveUpsideFixed amount2024 - 2026
  • RE
Electric
NC
Duke Energy CarolinasReliability PIMActiveDownsideFixed amount2024 - 2026
  • RLB;
  • GM
Electric
NC
Duke Energy CarolinasTime Differentiated and Dynamic Rate Enrollment PIMActiveUpsideFixed amount2024 - 2026
  • DF
Electric
WA
Cascade Natural Gas CorporationIRA/IIJA Utility IncentiveActiveUpsideROE basis points2024 - N.D.
  • CC;
  • FF
Gas
WA
Pacific Power and Light Company (Pacificorp)IRA/IIJA Utility IncentiveActiveUpsideROE basis points2024 - N.D.
  • CC;
  • FF
Electric
WA
Northwest Natural Gas CompanyIRA/IIJA Utility IncentiveActiveUpsideROE basis points2024 - N.D.
  • CC;
  • FF
Gas
WA
AvistaIRA/IIJA Utility IncentiveActiveUpsideROE basis points2024 - N.D.
  • CC;
  • FF
Both
WA
Puget Sound EnergyIRA/IIJA Utility IncentiveActiveUpsideROE basis points2024 - N.D.
  • CC;
  • FF
Both

Emergent topics are the subset of regulatory outcomes that represent new or evolving areas of utility performance expectations. The table below describes each emergent topic, and in some cases, provides links to additional information on the topic. PIMs in the database are frequently assigned to multiple emergent topics.

Full NameAbbreviationDescriptionAdditional Resources
Affordability
AFDMechanisms focused on: • Measuring and/or incentivizing increased customer affordability • Disconnections and/or arrearage management • Low-or-moderate income (LMI) communities These qualify as affordability, unless they also denote one or more specific equity communities, in which case the mechanism would qualify as both affordability and equity.
Climate Forward Efficiency
CFEClimate-forward efficiency refers to energy efficiency or demand-side management that is explicitly measured in greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction or is explicitly connected to the policy goal of reducing GHGs in the order approving the implementation of a PIM.
Cost Control
CCMechanisms designed with the intent to reduce overall costs including PIMs whose intent is focused on cost control but not measured in monetary value, as well as PIMs tied to cost.
Customer Engagement
CEMechanisms that reflect an interest in improving the customer experience and/or increasing customer understanding.
Demand Flex
DFMechanisms focused on shifting demand throughout the course of the day, including the strategies of shape, shift, shimmy, shed. As such, mechanisms focused on reduction of peak load are included in this category.
Distributed Energy Resources
DERMechanisms focused on increasing distributed energy resource utilization and efficacy, and/or encouraging utility investment in non-wires alternatives (NWA), also frequently called non-wires solutions (NWS). For the purposes of this database, we use the 2017 Smart Electric Power Alliance's definition of DERs: "The physical and virtual assets that are deployed across the distribution grid, typically close to load, and usually behind the meter, which can be used individually or in aggregate to provide value to the grid, individual customers, or both."
Equity
EQMechanisms that specifically note disproportionately impacted communities, which include recognizing the different experiences of certain types of customers, just transition, environmental justice, and/or energy burden.
Chandra Farley et al., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Electrification
ELFMechanisms measuring or incentivizing the outcome of electrification of buildings or other sectors; transitioning from gas or other fuels to electricity.
Transportation Electrification
TEMechanisms focused on or pertinent to the electrification of the transportation sector.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
GHGMechanisms attributed to the goal or outcome of greenhouse gas emissions reduction (methane or carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide equivalent), either as a direct measurement of GHGs or as the policy goal or intent behind a specific mechanism.
Grid Modernization
GMMechanisms focused on grid modernization, which may include enhanced utilization and efficacy of the grid, advanced metering infrastructure, etc.
Fuel Cost Mechanisms
FCMMechanisms that create utility “skin in the game” for fuel and purchased power costs, exposing utility shareholders (not just customers) to a portion of price volatility risk. Specific cost sharing mechanisms vary utility-by-utility and state-by-state. However, the underlying principle is typically the same: when a utility’s actual incurred fuel and power supply costs exceed an approved threshold, shareholders pay a portion of the costs (in the form of a penalty), and when a utility’s actual incurred fuel and power supply costs are below an acceptable threshold, shareholders earn a portion of the savings (in the form of a reward).
Reliability
RLBMechanisms designed to improve the ability of a power system to withstand instability, uncontrolled events, cascading failures, or unanticipated loss of system components. However, for the purposes of this database, the focus is on mechanisms that represent emerging focus of the reliability industry, such as reliability for certain segments of the grid, for certain communities, or that is measured in a novel way (i.e., beyond SAIDI/SAIFI).
Renewables
REMechanisms intended to support the deployment of utility-scale reneawables.
Federal Funding
FFMechanisms intended to encourage utilities to effectively implement the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), Infrastructure Investment & Jobs Act (IIJA), and other relevant federal funding policies, including by encouraging utilities to take advantage of available tax credits, incentives, and grant opportunities.
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